Fraud is a dynamic phenomenon: when the industry discovers a „scam” – a specific pattern of fraud – and sets up barriers to prevent it from recurring, another scam takes place – a new pattern is developed by fraudsters. The motivations for committing fraud vary: from opportunists who submit a fraudulent request as a way to recover their insurance premium, probably encouraged by a change in public attitudes towards crime without victims to criminal networks that use fraud as a regular source of revenue generation. The legal, organizational and commercial constraints under which the insurance industry operates often have a negative impact on existing fraud prevention, detection and investigation practices. Initially, the fight against insurance fraud focused on identifying the characteristics of fraudulent claims and fraudulent claimants – the empirical phase / traditional approach and the role that insurance company employees played in this phase was a major one. Then, given the wave of interest in the insurance industry, emphasis was placed on the use of approaches such as: a) cognitive interviewing and vocal stress analysis that were used in forensic investigation, as well; b) data extraction techniques, specially developed for fraud detection. Are just these effective? The material will try to analyze the vulnerabilities and contributions, both internal and external, that are introduced by the policies, procedures and controls implemented by the insurer within the organization.

The turbulences that banking systems confronted over the past decades emphasized the importance of a sound macroprudential policy. Therefore, our study analyses the use and the types of macroprudential tools adopted by the authorities, in Central and Eastern European countries, from 2000 to 2018. Our findings reveal a degree of asymmetry within the regulatory framework. More exactly, the frequency, but also the nature of prudential instruments was not symmetrical in the Central and Eastern European countries. The heterogeneity also stands out from a time-varying perspective. We attribute this pattern to the different levels of financial stress that banking systems have been subjected to. Generally, we notice that the macroprudential tools aimed at taming the financial cycle.

In 2017, CERT-RO processed over 138 million cyber security alerts and an exponential increase in cyber fraud is expected. By its nature, the financial sector is in danger, registering an alarming growth in recent years, and about 70% of fraud remains undetected. When we talk about operations and security, financial organizations should use a multi-level, layered approach, focused on both the technical side and the human resource.
Many financial institutions have been victims of cyber-attacks and social engineering. It is absolutely obvious that incidents are the result of human error, so prevention requires training, courses, awareness workshops.
In the context of the pandemic caused by the new coronavirus, most activities have moved to the online environment, both services, customer-company interactions (browser or application) and employee-company interactions (confidential databases).
In order to highlight the above, a comparative analysis is required between entities that have invested in cybersecurity and training of their own employees versus entities that have not been prepared for these exposures. In this sense, what would help the chartered accountant to play a significant role in diminishing the effects of cyber fraud?

The current national and international economic climate is continually changing, and a company’s ability to adapt its services is critical. As a result, in recent years, the interaction between technology and businesses has grown. It’s crucial to think about how finance adds value to a business as the future of accounting unfolds. The way business and finance functions create value is being profoundly transformed by digital technologies. To develop value, businesses must think and behave differently in the digital age. To emphasize the merits of each platform, we offered numerous types of software and various benefits of using them. This paper will address accountants’ worries about software, such as data security and a lack of features, as well as how the software works and the numerous benefits and drawbacks it has.

Investment, as a material support of economic development, is an important factor in achieving the transition to a successful agriculture. In the most common cases, investments in agriculture ensure a technical increase in production by including fixed assets. This process is a form of manifestation of technical progress in agriculture to ensure economic growth and higher productivity.
This paper aims to present the impact of National Rural Development Program (NRDP) measures on the economic development of the agricultural sector. In this sense, the net investments made on financing sources and the net investments made in agriculture, forestry and fishing in Romania in the period 2015-2019 were analyzed, using the statistical data presented by National Institute of Statistics (INS), thus noticing an increase of 23%, respectively 1,04%. Growth was supported by investments made through the European Structural Funds granted in the two operational financing periods, respectively 2007-2013, 2014-2020. From the data presented in the most recent report on the state of absorption within NRDP 2014-2020 published by Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MADR), it was noted that Romania had allocated structural funds totalling 10,968 million euros, of which 60.73% were payments to beneficiaries, the degree of absorption of European funds being 57.56% of the total allocation.

Romania is currently in an explosive expansion of digitalization created unexpectedly by the COVID-19 pandemic and imposes the need to implement a standardized system in the field of forensic accounting expertise. A digitalized accounting system is essential for streamlining the collaboration between the judiciary and forensic experts. We define digital transformation as the result of fundamental changes in the way literal documentation processes work. This sometimes means moving away from the long-term processes on which the old procedures were built in favour of relatively new practices, which are still undefined. We need a regulatory framework to implement public strategies and policies in the field of digital transformation and the information society. In this sense, a new structure has been organized and operates, the Authority for the Digitization of Romania (ADR), with legal personality within the working apparatus of the Government and under the coordination of the Prime Minister, which includes all departments and services of strategy, coordination, supervision, and implementation in the field of e-government. Analyzing the other branches of the economy we can see areas in which standardized data access systems have been implemented or will be implemented in accordance with the technical requirements of the authorities. An already implemented system can be found in the transfer pricing files where we work in DAC6, an end-to-end cloud solution, which allows collaboration with EU Member States, by reporting xml files. The exhaustive analysis of the situations dealing with the approached subject uses qualitative methods, quantitative methods and the revision of the specialized literature. The aim of the paper is to show how digitization can improve the process of conducting forensic accounting reports, how can justice be more efficient through digitization, what are the challenges of implementing the digitized system in conducting forensic accounting and last but not least what are the aspects of its ethics.

Economic growth and development have direct impact on environment. In this matter, the concerns about the protection of the environment of the European Union have increased over time. The paper represents an analysis regarding the accessing of European non-reimbursable funds allocated for environmental policy in the period 2014-2020. European non-reimbursable funds represented the main instrument for financing environmental policies, and accessing them is important for meeting environmental objectives of our country. The paper analyzes the accesses of European funds by counties, being important, esspecially as Romania is in the period of transition to the new policy for the period 2021 – 2027 and to meet the objectives of the Strategy for smart, sustainable growth. and favorable to inclusion in the European Union.

The research paper consists in analyzing the impact of investments in research and development on the economic and stock market performance of European companies. Several studies have shown that investments in research and development have a direct and positive impact on financial performance at the level of a company, supporting the theory that investments in innovation have a long-term effect on performance.
The aim of the paper is to study the existence and intensity of the link between investment in research and development and the economic performance of European companies.
The study is developed based on the EU 2020 Industrial Research and Development Investment Scoreboard (IRI), using data from 535 companies in Europe for the period 2016-2019. The statistical research method involves regression analysis using panel data, the statistical processing being performed using the statistical program EViews, version 7.0. The research results indicate that investments in research and development have a stronger impact on performance in companies that invest more in this area than in those that invest less.

Nowadays, science and technology are in an elevated development and it has effects upon all levels of social life. In this context, payment systems, trading and money have gradually become further and further influenced by elements of information technology and cybernetics. Digitization is an irreversible process, it involves adapting theoretical knowledge to the updated reality, thus, the research aimed to review, through analysis of contemporary writings, key issues related to virtual currencies, Fintech and technologies that are increasingly influencing economic transactions and money. The main purpose of the paper is to assess the degree of knowledge and acceptance of people related to virtual currencies and services offered by companies in the Fintech segment, in the context of their prompt emancipation and the possibility to replace the classic options in the foreseeable future. The methodology approached is the qualitative one, and a questionnaire was conducted to substantiate the research. In conclusion, through this research, we managed to expose an overview of what fintech, blockchain and virtual currencies entail, but also of some risks, opportunities and related weaknesses, to assess the degree of knowledge and acceptance of society related to virtual currencies and Fintech services, but also their ability to influence the quality of life and implicitly the human society.

The emergence and accelerated spread of COVID-19 has severely affected Romanian and European e-Market, manifested by the explosion of sales of basic products. We propose in this paper a non-linear model of growth of e-Commerce observed in the Romanian retail sector that consider the economic and socials effects of the two pandemic Waves in 2020. Starting from the hypothesis, statistically verified, that the effect of a Pandemic crisis can be strongly related to the global increase of sales in e-Market and the accentuation of seasonal variation of this sector, we obtained a first nonlinear model that can simulate with a high level of confidence (95%) the chaotically effects of a pandemic crisis on the very volatile sector of digital retailing and allows a prediction of the general behaviour of Romanian e-Market for 2021 and 2022.